Al-Muwatta
The Muwaṭṭa (Arabic: الموطأ) is an early collection of hadith comprising the subjects of Muslim law, compiled and edited by the Imam, Malik ibn Anas.[1]
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Description
It is considered to be from the earliest extant collections of hadith that form the basis of Islamic jurisprudence alongside the Qur'an.[2] Nonetheless, is not merely a collection of hadith; many of the legal precepts it contains are based not on hadith at all. The book covers rituals, rites, customs, traditions, norms and laws of the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Authenticity
Imam Malik composed the 'Muwatta' over a period of forty years to represent the "well-trodden path" of the people of Medina. Its name also means that it is the book that is "many times agreed upon"- about whose contents the people of Medina were unanimously agreed. Its high standing is such that people of every school of fiqh and all of the imams of hadith scholarship agree upon its authenticity.
The Muslim Jurist, Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i famously said, "There is not on the face of the earth a book - after the Book of Allah - which is more authentic than the book of Malik."
Composition of al-Muwatta
Al-Muwatta consists of approximately 1,720 hadith divided amongst the following hadith terminology as follows:[2]
Commentaries on Al-Muwatta
Due to the importance of the Al-Muwatta to Muslims it has often been accompanied by commentaries, mostly but not exclusively by followers of the Maliki school.
- Al Tamhid by Yusuf ibn abd al-Barr is organized according to the narrators which Malik narrates from, and includes extensive biographical information about each narrator in the chain.
- al-Istidhkar, also by Ibn Abd al-Barr is more of a legal exegesis on the hadith contained in the book than a critical hadith study, as was the case with the former. It is said that the Istidhkar was written after the Tamhid, as Ibn Abd al Barr himself alludes to in the introduction. However, through close examination it is apparent that the author made revisions to both after their completion due to the cross referencing found in both.
- The explanation of Al-Suyuti, who although a follower of the Shafi`i school, wrote a small commentary to the Al-Muwatta.
- Al-Musaffa Sharh al-Muwatta, Shah Wali Allah Dahlawi (al-Musaffa Sharh al-Muwatta in Persian).
- Al-Muntaq sharh al-Muwatta of Abu al-Walid al-Baji, the Andalusian Mlik Qd, (Ab al-Wald Sulaymn ibn Khalaf al-Bj, al-Muntaq sharh Muwatta' Mlik, edited by Muhammad 'Abd al-Qdir Ahmad 'At, Beirut: Dr al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah, 1420/1999) Sharh al-Muwatta' has two versions: al-Istifa' and its abridgment al-Muntaqa.[3]
- Awjāz-ul-Masālik il Muwattā' Imām Mālik is a Deobandi commentary written by Muhammad Zakariya al-Kandahlawi. He began the work in 1927 in Medina while only 29 years old.
- Sharh Muwatta al-Malik by Muhammad al-Zurqani. It is considered to be based on three other commentaries of the Muwatta; the Tamhid and the Istidhkar of Yusuf ibn Abd al Barr, as well as the Al-Muntaqa of Abu al-Walid al-Baji.
- Al-Imla' fi Sharh al-Muwatta in 1,000 folios, by Ibn Hazm.[4]
- Sharh Minhaaj by Subki.[5]
- Sharh Muwatta by Ali al-Qari
References
- ^ al-Kattani, Muhammad ibn Ja`far (2007). Muhammad al-Muntasir al-Kattani. ed (in Arabic). al-Risalah al-Mustatrafah (seventh ed.). Beirut: Dar al-Bashair al-Islamiyyah. pp. 9, 41.
- ^ a b "The Hadith for Beginners", Dr. Muhammad Zubayr Siddiqi, 1961 (2006 reprint), Goodword Books
- ^ "Abu al-Walid al-Baji". Sunnah.org. http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/al-baji.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
- ^ "Ibn Hazm". Sunnah.org. http://www.sunnah.org/history/Innovators/ibn_hazm.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
- ^ "Al-Albani Unveiled". Masud.co.uk. http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/misc/8or20.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
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